React `ComponentProps<T>` Type Helper

ComponentProps<T> is a type helper in React that allows developers to extend third-party and DOM elements with additional props.

#

Importing

You can either import it from react itself:

tsx
import { ComponentProps } from "react";

Or, grab it off the React namespace itself.

tsx
import React from "react";
type Example = React.ComponentProps<"div">;

#

Use Cases

#

Extending DOM Elements

type ButtonProps = React.ComponentProps<"div">;

You can use ComponentProps to extend DOM elements. This is useful when creating custom components that inherit basic properties from native elements.

For instance:

tsx
type CustomProps {
  text: string;
}
const Div = ({
  text,
  ...props
}: CustomProps &
  React.ComponentProps<"div">) => {
  // Access text here
  return <div {...props}></div>;
};

In this example, the CustomProps type defines a single custom prop, text. The ComponentProps<T> helper extends the props of the div element with any additional props passed to our custom Div.

An alternative approach is to use an interface to extend the native component:

tsx
interface CustomProps
  extends React.ComponentProps<"div"> {
  text: string;
}
const Div = ({ text, ...props }: CustomProps) => {
  // Access text here
  return <div {...props}></div>;
};

In this approach, the CustomProps type extends the props of the div element, with the additional definition of a text prop. The spread operator passes all props, including the text prop, to the Div component.

#

Extending Third-Party Components

Another use case for ComponentProps<T> is to extend third-party components with custom props. This can be useful when you need to extend a third-party component, but they don't expose the necessary types themselves.

tsx
import ThirdPartyComponent from "third-party";
type CustomProps {
  foo: string;
  bar: number;
}
const MyComponent = ({
  foo,
  bar,
  ...props
}: CustomProps &
  React.ComponentProps<
    typeof ThirdPartyComponent
  >) => {
  // use foo and bar here as needed
  return <ThirdPartyComponent {...props} />;
};

In this example, the CustomProps type defines two custom props, foo and bar. The ComponentProps<T> helper grabs the props of the ThirdPartyComponent component, then we use the & intersection to add our CustomProps.

Of course, if the library does expose the correct types, it's often worth using those instead:

tsx
import ThirdPartyComponent, {
  ThirdPartyComponentProps,
} from "third-party";
type CustomProps {
  foo: string;
  bar: number;
}
const MyComponent = ({
  foo,
  bar,
  ...props
}: CustomProps &
  ThirdPartyComponentProps) => {
  return <ThirdPartyComponent {...props} />;
};

But in cases where they don't, ComponentProps<T> can be a useful escape hatch.

#

ComponentPropsWithRef

If you need to also extract the type of the component's ref, you can use React.ComponentPropsWithRef<T>. For instance:

tsx
// | ((instance: HTMLButtonElement | null) => void)
// | React.RefObject<HTMLButtonElement>
// | null
// | undefined
type ButtonRef =
  React.ComponentPropsWithRef<"button">["ref"];

This resolves into a pretty complicated type - but it represents anything that can be passed into a <button>'s ref.